Unit 8 Assignment 3 (prep)

What is the structure for Film?

Film is made up of: development, production, distribution and exhibition. 

Development is the pre-production of an idea, so the planning , the construction of an idea in theory and the basis. It comes before the Production process as it is what ends up getting produced. They need an idea for a film, after an idea they come up with a synopsis, a treatment, a script and funding for a film. After the funding they can make distribution deals.

Production is the creative process of actually making a film, the practical act of creating a product based on the development process. With production comes post-production which is the editing of a film to fit it together. Directors, producers, production managers, scriptwriters, camera operators and editors are all involved in the practical production process. After production we have distribution. 

Distribution focuses on selling a film to a person or a company, this includes: making a license agreement with a film company, deciding how many copies of the film to make and then showing the film to potential buyers who represent the theatre or exhibition. 

Exhibition is made up of the screening of feature films that can be shown in Theatres, Multiplex Cinemas, Film Festivals, Art Houses, On Social Media -streaming sites such as Netflix, Sky Movies and Amazon Prime.

                                                                         

What is the structure for Television? 

Television is made up of publicly funded channels, commercial channels and on demand channels. Television is similar to film in the way that it also has to be developed and produced but it follows four main sectors. These are: Content Production, Content Aggregation, Service Packaging and Delivery.

Commercial channels like the ITV are funded by sponsorships and advertisements. Where as the BBC is payed by viewers via a license fee. You can pay via an online subscriptions for Netflix, Now TV and Virgin. On demand channels are also publicly funded, these are things such as BBC iPlayer. Commercial channels can also be on demand channels like ITV Player.

                                                                                      

What is the future of the Television Industry?

Television is a medium for technology and mobile companies to compete with one another.  British channels are under threat as large American social media companies such as Apple are buying large parts of the television industry for wholesale. Tv has a longer existential threat due to the increase evolvement of technologies such as Apple and Google. Television channels are being urged to update and strengthen their system. They are basically saying that the British Television industry will be run by American Media Companies. ITV and Channel 4 have begun to challenge these American companies as they are already commercial channels therefore if American Companies took over they would lose money. 

What impact will it have on the Television Industry (in your opinion)?

After watching the video and listening to the video I found that I agree that social media will take over, American television is growing vastly and there are so many other mediums to watch television programmes and films that regular television channels might become irrelevant and they could lose their appeal due to increases in American media. I think that it is all about business and ways to get a programme or a film seen by a variety of audiences, times are changing and channels aren't always the best way to view a programme. It needs to be current for the industry to accept it and social media and big media corporations such as; Apple are what's current. On demand channels will be a more prominent platform for television programmes, online allows freedom and viewing leisure which is something that most people nowadays want. 

1. Effects what viewers watch.
2. Google and Apple are using commercial television to challenge one another, they want to use the commercial channels as a platform for their products.
3. It will effect the commercial channels because it will lose money for the commercial channels as the bigger companies would gain more of the money from their advertising. 

                                                                                            

Media Conglomerates

This is when one company owns media services and products from different types of media.

Example: Walt Disney Company.

Publicly Funded 

This type of programme/channel is funded through tax money -the public pay through taxes.

Example: BBC 

Globalisation 

The process of international integration of world news, products, ideas and other aspects of culture. 

Example: Rise of the internet. 

Commercial Channels 

Channels which are funded by the revenue from broadcast advertisements.  

Example: ITV 

World Service 

The international broadcaster, is currently funded by grant-in-aid through Foreign and Commonwealth Office of the British Government. 

Example: BBC World Service 

Cross Media 

Is the combination of two or more companies of different types usually involving a parent company. 

Example: Sky 

On Demand Channels 

A service provided by the channel so viewers can watch programme's from that channel via the internet. 

Example: 4OD 

Local 

Usually refers to the local area. 

Example: BBC Manchester. 

Franchise 

Ownership of the characters and setting of a film, video game, book etc. 

Example: Harry Potter Figurines. 

National 

Owned, controlled or financially supported by the state. 

Example: Channel 4 

Public Broadcasting Service 

Network is obliged to broadcast programming of public importance, including news, current affairs, children's religious programming as well as party election broadcasting on behalf of the major political parties and political events. 

Example: BBC 1 

                                                                           

New Technology

Black and white TV; VHS; Videoplus Recording; 5 Channels; Portable TVs. Over the years technology has developed and gotten better. Now instead of a Videoplus recording we have things like sky plus or virgin. There are over a thousand channels available, we have online streaming sights and on demand channels to watch programmes.

A few examples are listed below:

• Sky Plus 

• Sky Go -record programmes/films on to go.

• On Demand Channels 

• 3D Television 

• Curved Television sets 

• 4K -Ultra High Definition

• On internet sites such as; Netflix 

• Tablets and Phones have become streaming devices for providers like Netflix. 

• Glass (google) 

• Smart TV 

• Voice Command to replace a remote. 

• Illegal streaming. 

• Films are digital, rarely filmed on a film reel.

• Cinemas- IMAX and 3D, high frame rate (48 frames per second)

                                                                       

TV and Film Research

Television Research:

What's your favourite TV programme?Grey's Anatomy.  

Which company makes it?ShondaLand and ABC Studios. 

What is commercial TV?Commercial Television is where the tv costs are covered by the showing of advertisements and commercials as opposed to getting money from license fees like the BBC they get their money through adverts, commercials and funded subscriptions. So like ITV. 

What is publicly funded TV?Publicly funded television is where you receive money through a TV license like the BBC.

What is TV on demand?TV on demand is the online site that offers programmes to be platformed online through sites and apps that link to specific channels so things like BBC iPlayer and 4OD. 

How many people are employed in television in UK? 

Give an example of an independent TV company?
All3Media  

Who regulates TV in the UK?
Ofcom. 

                                                                          

Film Research: 

What's the last film you have seen?
Into The Woods 

Which company made it?  
Walt Disney Pictures 

Who owns the company?
The Walt Disney Studios

Who are the Big 6 film companies (Media Conglomerate) in the United States?  

• Walt Disney -Miramax  

• Comcast -Universal  

•  GE

• News Corporation- 20th Century Fox 

• Viacom- Paramount 

• Sony Pictures -Columbia

• Time Warner -Warner Bros and New Line. 

90% of Media in America are controlled by the 6 corporations!

                                                                                      

Conglomerate Research

Walt Disney:

What are their famous films and successful box office results?  

Are they a conglomerate? What other companies do they own? Prove with examples 

Walt Disney owns several other companies all with different types of media such as television, radio and gaming. They can exhibit their products on several different outlets, example: High School Musical was exhibited straight onto Disney Channel.

• Pixar Animation Studios 

• Radio Disney 

• Marvel Entertainment 

• ESPN 

• Club Penguin (Game)  

• Miramax

List 6 films that the company has made within the last 5 years? 

• Toy Story 3 (2010) 

•  Wreck It Ralph (2012) 

• Oz the great and powerful (2013)  

• Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (2011)  

• Tangled (2010) 

• Frozen (2013) 

How much money are they worth? 

Walt Disney Studios are worth around 84 Billion dollars. 

What new technological developments have they made?

20th Century Fox

What are their famous films and successful box office results?  

• Home Alone 

• Fight Club 

• X-men 

• Dawn of planet of the apes 

• Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith 

• The Simpson Movie

Are they a conglomerate? What other companies do they own? Prove with examples 

Twentieth Century fox were previously owned by News Corporation, they are currently owned by a media conglomerate called 21st Century Fox. 

21st Century Fox own a few different companies that they own:

• Fox Animation Studios  

• Fox Television Studios 

• Blue Sky Studios 

• Fox Sports 

• National Geographic Channel

List 6 films that the company has made within the last 5 years?

• Percy Jackson: Sea Of Monsters (2013) 

• The Maze Runner (2014) 

• The Fault In Our Stars (2014) 

• X-men Days of Future Past (2014) 

• The Heat (2013)  

• Rio 2 (2014)

How much money are they worth?

Twentieth Century Fox are worth $31.867 billion 

 What new technological developments have they made?

Warner Bros

What are their famous films and successful box office results?  

 

Are they a conglomerate? What other companies do they own? Prove with examples 

No, they are owned by the media conglomerate: Time Warner. Time warner also owns New Line Cinema, this makes Warner Bros a subsidiary. 

List 6 films that the company has made within the last 5 years?

• The Dark Knight Rises (2012) 

• Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows 2 (2011) 

• Beautiful Creatures (2013) 

• The Lego Movie (2014)  

• Gravity (2013) 

• The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug (2013)

 How much money are they worth?

Time Warner are worth $29.795 Billion.

Sony Pictures

Famous films and box office stats

Are they a conglomerate? What other companies do they own? Prove with examples 

They own:

• Columbia Pictures
• Sony Pictures music group
• Sony pictures mobile
• TriStar productions
• Sony Pictures Classic
• CoCa Cola Television

List 6 films that the company has made within the last 5 years?

• The Amazing Spiderman 2 (2014)
• Robocop (2014)
• Skyfall (2012)
• The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo (2011)
• Just go with it (2011)
• 22 Jump Street (2014)

How much money are they worth?

$8 Billion

Paramount Pictures

Famous films and box office stats?

• Star Trek
• Transformers
• Grease
• Mean Girls
• Iron Man
• The Godfather

List 6 films that the company has made within the last 5 years

•  Interstellar (2014) 

• Teenage Mutant ninja turtles (2014)

•  Project Almanac (2014)

•  Paranormal activity: The marked ones (2014)

•  Transformers: Age of Extinction (2014)

•  Thor (2011)

How much money are they worth?
$1.2 billion

Film: Studios and Conglomerates

Most of the major film studios are owned by big media conglomerates.

Vertical:

"Vertically Integrated" -They have to own a film studio (a production company). They then have to own a Distribution Company OR an Exhibition Company. For example: Disney owns Buena Vista which is a Distribution Company. They also own Disney Channel which is an Exhibition Company.

A vertical structure is called Vertical Integration. This means when the two or three stages of production are owned. If a company can do all of the 3 below it is a Vertical Integration.

1. Production (making it)
2. Distribution (Marketing it)
3. Exhibition (showing it)

My job in my own Vlog is to prove whether or not the film studio is vertically integrated
Horizontal:

"Horizontally Integrated" -It means when one company owns a range of different companies such as: Newspapers, book publishers, a Television Station, websites or music labels. Horizontal goes broader, they buy more companies.

My job in my own Vlog is to prove whether or not they are horizontally integrated.

Are the following conglomerates vertical, horizontal or both?

Walt Disney 

They own: 

Marvel EntertainmentPixarDisney ChannelDisney Theatrical StudiosWalt Disney Animation studiosABC ESPNDisney Music GroupDisney NatureTouchstone PicturesHyperion, voice

Disney are VERTICAL. They own production studios and a way of exhibiting their products, High School Musical is a perfect example it could have gone to the cinema but instead it went straight to the Disney Channel.

Disney pay for their own films, they own music labels, websites and their own theme park. All of their profits go back to Walt Disney.

Sony

• Lowes Theatres
• Columbia pictures
• Sony pictures classics
• So-net
• Telemundo
• Sony channel
• Manufacturer of electronic games, playstations, car parts
• Designated Sony shops

Vertical: Can distribute it on their own channel and in their own cinema.

Horizontal: they are an internet service provider, can make parts to a car which proves that they own a range of different companies.

Script Notes for Film section of VLOG

• Introduce film company and say what they are famous for (the films).
• Explain some of their most successful box office films with stats (how much their successful films made at the box office)
• Who are their competition (find a company that finds similar films to them, who are they going up against with these films)
• Explain how your film company is structured (you will tell me who the conglomerate is, whether the conglomerate is horizontal or vertical with examples of what other things they own, what companies they have links with)
• Tell me how much money the conglomerate is worth? Are they successful? (Their Revenue)
• Debate about the power of the few media companies owning so much? What is your opinion?
• Talk about the new technologies that the film industry have developed.
• Then talk about what technological development do you think is next for film.